1)  What is Universe and what is Cosmology?

The universe is everything that we can perceive and more. It is all the mass that exists, from the largest galaxies to the tiny subatomic particles, and since mass is exchangeable with energy, it is also all the forces and energies that exist. What’s more, since the human being, like all living things, is a physical part of the universe, it includes the human physical body and strength. The term strength includes all physical energy and metaphysical energies, such as the mental energy, spiritual energy and will power (See Notes, at end of page). The metaphysical energies are physical activities of the brain powered by the intake of food and drinks. In order to account for all masses and all energies in the universe T.R.U.TH., in trying to be a complete model of the universe, includes all physical energies as well as all metaphysical energies in the discussions... These pages contain a new model of universe, which is also written and presented in a manner and style completely of its own. The aim of these writings is to present a new but detailed model of universe understandable to most Internet visitors, not just specialized physicists or space scientists, therefore, there will be as little scientific jargons or mathematics as possible, just plain and simple language, and everything discussed here will be based on common science and known facts. So, from this point on, I shall try to revisit and relate from the first principles some of the the topics relevant to cosmology and to this theory. All I hope is to build a full and new theory of universe, which is easily understandable, readable and free of anomalies, preferably even enjoyable to most readers. Because of that and because all these pages were written and added directly onto this website over a long time, everything simply grew on spot  without a careful drafting process, I tend to repeat myself quite a bit. So, if you find it too simple or long winded, please bear with me. Thank you! 

Cosmology, broadly speaking, is the theory of the universe. It is a fascinating subject because it awakens not only religious aspiration but also scientific curiosity. However, in this series of writings the writer will try to contain his thoughts within the limits of rationality and separate his approach into two main parts, i.e. (1) The state of universe, and (2) The origin of universe. The first part includes the understanding of the overall structures and the general functions of the universe as it is. This part is much more important and meaningful. There are many reasons. Firstly, the human vision is limited within the sphere of the observable universe, if we are ever to understand the whole of the universe, including the unobservable regions, we must rely completely and entirely on scientific and rationality derivations. Secondly, we must strive to search and understand how the universe is structured and how it functions as the primary imperative. If and when a structurally and functionally workable universe is established and understandable, then and only then, we can go on to derive how everything got started. Because unless we are able to base our search (for the origin) on intimate knowledge of what the universe is and how it works, our search could be infertile. In other words, if we are not familiar with the daily use an whereabouts in our house, then we would not know how to begin building the house.. 

This is why this theory here will concentrate on establishing an understandable or workable system of the universe, together with its functions and structures as observed. Only a few words will be given to the possible origin of the universe. This is because the origin of our virtually limitless universe may never ever be confirmed, even if we hit the jackpot! The importance of the science of cosmology would be considerably dwarfed by the impractical but burning human desire to know how it all begins, only ending up in pure hypothesis or wild imaginations. Yet cosmology is so important because there is an imperative practical need to cohere the cosmological structures and functions together, so that we may understand what we are and what the universe is like, and therefore how to live in it. To do that we must first pass the test of rationality and common sense, otherwise we can only kid ourselves... On the contrary, if we could postulate the general functions and structures in understandable terms that reflect the observed reality, then in time, having established sufficiently coherence between theory and observance, a conclusion for the origin and end of all things may emerge into view probably quite naturally. Of course, the first must come first. A comprehensive theory of universe digestible to science and common sense must come into being. At least we must make sure that there will be no conflict with reality, so that we would not be forced to start from scratch again. Logical absurdities could misguide and waste precious human resources for millenniums! Then it would be too far gone to come back to rationality.          

Cosmology includes the sciences, the philosophy and the understanding of physics and metaphysics of the macrocosmic as well as the microcosmic. Cosmology is therefore the biggest subject there is, and has the longest span of history. According to Chinese history, some 7300 years ago ancient leader Fu Xi observed the changes in celestial phenomena and then examined the effect of such changes in human life. He came to the conclusion that everything in nature begins with the different energies between the positive and negative poles, namely the balance and imbalance of Yin and Yang. From the action and reaction of different poles, all things in nature evolve into a complexity of symmetries. In other words, symmetries are consequences of action and reaction in nature. By observing the symmetries he believed that it is possible to determine what type of action and reaction were taking place. In doing so he invented the early part of I-Ching and used it as a predictive tool in early Chinese history (read more about Fu Xi in 'Related Topics' page under "The Story of Yin and Yang and the earliest correlation to cosmology"). The theory of I-Ching is therefore a philosophical form of the earliest cosmology based on pure logics and observations.

Then some 5000 years ago the people of Mesopotamia (today's Iraq), living under clear desert sky, also started to observe and record celestial movements with mathematics and added interpretative philosophy for use as a predictive tool. This eventually evolved to become the sciences of astrology and astronomy. Later on still, different religions in different regions of the world came up with different theories of creation. Some well known historic Christian scholars, even great scientists like Johannes Kepler and Isaac Newton, had worked out from biblical text that Creation (Adam and Eve) occurred some time between roughly 7200 years and 5900 years ago. This is interesting, because these dates coincide roughly with the epochs of Fu Xi and Huangdi, the Yellow Emperor in Chinese history (see notes at the end of this page). They even roughly coincide with the dates of the two beginnings of cosmology, i.e. the Chinese I-Ching ( 7300 years ago ) and the Mesopotamian Astrology ( 5300 years ago ).... Therefore science, philosophy and theology are all involved in an endeavour to give answers to the burning questions, such as how and even why the Universe exists; or how the Universe is structured; or how it had started and how it might end..... All these aspects are within the scope of cosmology.... 

These burning questions to-day are still just as hot. However, it goes without saying that some of the less convincing or the more unrealistic theories will slowly fade away. As educated information and proven facts rapidly become common place eventually two criterions should emerge. Those theories that defy science cannot last, and those that defy common sense will go even faster. The more important of the two is the common sense, because no matter it is science, or philosophy or any form of belief, it must be built on the basis of common sense, without it the theory is doomed to fade away! Common sense is the final judge for all ideological claims. This is especially so in the case of cosmology in the present space age because it deals with the biggest and the most complicated universal existence, as well as the urgently needed practical vision of the universe.... Cosmology resembles a jigsaw puzzle. There are many pieces to make a complete picture. Each piece should fit into the right place in the whole picture. If a piece defies science, it simply cannot fit in neatly, and if it defies common sense, the whole picture won't even look right. Therefore, all pieces should fit, but more importantly the whole picture should look right..... 

Based on such principles and observations, I have postulated that the universe is a recycling or regenerating universe. I call this theory The Regenerating Universe Theory, or T.R.U.T., then I have shortened into T.R.U.TH. because it resembles word Truth. But it really doesn't matter. It's just a name. If you like, you can think of it as TRUT, or as The Regenerating Universe Theory & Hypothesis, or even The Regenerating Universe Theory of Harmonics, because regenerative and evolutionary cycles are also harmonic cycles...  The name Big Bang also has an unusual origin. It's the substance that really matters... The substance of this theory is explained in the following pages. These pages show in details and in understandable terms how transmissible electromagnetic wave energies are created in the galactic center, and because wave energies are mutually interferrable, they transmit and fill the space between galaxies, causing the phenomena of expanding and accelerating universe.  Also since electromagnetic waves may be interfered, blended and amplified, like the magnification of TV signal broadcast, they can be infinitely relayed to unify the entire universe. Then due to the differences in timing and in magnitude of constituents in that infinitely large universe, some galaxies or some portions (or localities, or regions) of the universe may run out of emissive energies first, such portion would collapse and be forced to regenerate by other external forces. Meanwhile, because of the explanation for the creation of electromagnetic waves, or the origin of quantum phenomena, it becomes possible to explain the origin of gravitation or gravity. 

The picture of the universe here is a comprehensible one, and with minimum involvement of mathematics. I believe that the flow of logics is fundamental to any theory, and that mathematics are important if they can enhance the performance of logical flow. If not! Then it could hinder the understanding of theory. I may also add that it's not fun at all to differ with the powerful existing norm, if it wasn't absolutely necessary to clear the path for the age of science and technology, but still desperately mingled with past historical beliefs. The roads to past belief are many, but to science there is only one!  At any rate, this website works also somewhat like a jigsaw, as each Web-page has its own colour image that fits into the whole picture...  I can assure readers, it is much more interesting to see the whole picture! I can also assure readers that there is nothing you can't understand or digest in these pages. What's more, when you have done reading, you will know that the puzzle is complete... However, these pages may contain observations and analysis not agreeable to some readers. If I had been mistaking or unfair, I shall be more than grateful should readers care to drop me a e-mail. The address is provided in "Contact Us" page...         

Notes: There are 4 distinctive levels of power or energy shared universally by all living beings. They are 1) the will power, such as the will to perpetuate the species. 2) the power of spirits, which gives love and hope from the heart. 3) the mental power, which enables rational judgment and planning from the brain. 4) the physical energy, which executes actions from the muscles. These 4 levels are differentiable in purpose and are sustained by intake of food. They are parts of the universal existence.     

According to Edward Harrison's "Cosmology, The Science of the Universe" ( This is most complete and authoritative book of Cosmology today) under chapter Creation of Universe:... Dante Alighieri, author of The Divine Comedy, estimated that Adam and Eve were created in 5198 BC; Johannes Kepler, the famed scientist and astronomer, in his book the Mysterious Cosmography, and on the basis of scriptural texts and astronomical records, set the year of creation at 3877 BC; and James Ussher, an Irish bishop, set the date of creation at 4004 BC..... Isaac Newton, the greatest of all scientists, in his posthumously published book The Chronology of Ancient Kingdom Amended indicated that creation occurred in 3988 BC.... Meanwhile in Chinese history, the epoch of Fu Xi is set to begin at 5341 BC and the epoch of Huangdi, the Yellow Emperor, is set to begin at about 3700 BC. Therefore the dates of Christian biblical Genesis coincides with the known earliest dates of Chinese history. From Yellow Emperor onwards the Chinese legendary history became recorded history. The term "China has 5000 years history" is a generalization of recorded history. See also Web article "A proven 5000 years old unbroken chain of DNA" under the Related Topics page.